Keep it ready to run

Be sure your generator will work in an emergency

Having a backup generator (Ratings are available to subscribers) is pointless if it isn't ready to work during your next emergency. These maintenance steps will ensure that your built-in stationary generator or a portable model supplies the power you need whenever you need it.

• Keep your generator clean, dry, and free of leaves and other lawn debris to help prevent overheating. Use a damp cloth to wipe exterior surfaces, a stiff brush to loosen caked-on engine dirt or oil, a shop vacuum for loose dirt and debris, and low-pressure air to blow away dirt. Don't use a hose, which can force water into the fuel system. And keep at least 3 feet of clearance on all sides for adequate cooling and access to controls.
  
  
• On a gasoline-powered generator, prevent gum from forming in the fuel system as the generator sits by adding stabilizer (about $5 for 25 gallons) to the fuel tank. Run the engine for several minutes to circulate the stabilizer. Once stabilized, fuel can be safely stored for up to a year. If you use the generator only for emergencies, don't store fuel in the tank, since the generator may sit idle for more than a year.
  
  
• Be sure there's enough engine oil. Many generators shut down automatically to protect the engine if the level gets too low. To keep yours protected, check the oil level whenever you add gasoline by pulling the dipstick or filler plug. On models that run on propane or natural gas, check the level at intervals specified in your owner's manual. And keep a couple of quarts of oil on hand for emergencies.
  
  
• Change the engine oil, carburetor air filter, fuel filter, and spark plug regularly according to the owner's manual.
  
  
• Run the generator once every few months to ensure that it will start when you need it. Some larger stationary generators periodically cycle themselves on and off automatically.
  
  
• Use a transfer switch to connect your generator to the electrical system in your home. That's the only way to power hardwired items like a furnace fan, central air-conditioning, and wall outlets. It also avoids the risk of running extension cords between the generator and your home.
  
  
• To prevent carbon-monoxide poisoning, never operate a generator inside a house or garage. Also be sure the generator is at least 15 feet from the house to prevent exhaust fumes from entering through windows, doors, and air conditioners.
  
  
• Store the generator in a well-vented shed or other protected area away from the house and any fire source.