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If a child seems low, there are treatments that may help stop them from getting seriously depressed. So be sure to look out for early warning signs.

Your child (or a young person you teach, care for or know) may be cranky and start to lose interest in things they used to enjoy. But their symptoms might not be bad enough to be diagnosed as depression. Doctors call this subclinical depression.¹

Children who have mild symptoms like these could be at risk of having their symptoms get worse.^{1 2}

Some children are more at risk of getting depressed, because of problems with their family or home. For example, children whose parents have gotten divorced may be more at risk.

By acting early if you see warning signs, you could stop a child or teenager from slipping into depression and other problems, such as alcohol and drug abuse.

Here are some things you can do if you think your child is at risk for depression.^{1 2}

• Problems at home or school may have triggered your child's symptoms. For example, they may be being bullied at school, having a hard time keeping up with their work or having problems at home. You can talk to teachers, school counselors or school psychologists, social workers or other caregivers to find out more.
• Talk to your doctor. He or she may recommend trying a talking treatment (psychotherapy), such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT for short).
• Ask your doctor for information on self-help. Self-help includes things such as written information, help lines and support groups.
• Encourage your child to keep fit and healthy. Exercising three times a week for up to an hour may lift your child's mood. They may also benefit from eating the right foods, such as plenty of fruits and vegetables.
• Ask your doctor for help if your child has sleep problems or is very anxious.

This information is for educational use only, and is not a substitute for prompt professional medical advice. Readers should always consult a physician or other professional for advice and treatment. ©BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2008. All rights reserved.