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    Do Electric Vehicles Need Special Tires?

    A CR expert weighs in on what you need to know

    Ford Mach E Mustang TIre Photo: Ford

    When transitioning from a gas-powered car to an electric one, you should know there are some differences in how they’re maintained, including the tires. One question that’s commonly asked is whether electric vehicles need different tires than gas-powered cars. 

    “EVs are heavier vehicles, and the tire industry is adjusting to these weight increases,” says Ryan Pszczolkowski, who oversees Consumer Reports’ tire program. “There’s a load range of tires called HL, which stands for high-load capacity tires. These tires can carry a heavier load at the same tire pressure as traditional tires.”

    The on-demand torque in an EV also requires better traction because the tires are grabbing the road surface and causing a lot of friction during that initial acceleration. EV-specific tires are optimized to maximize grip and reduce wear.

    More on Tires and EVs

    “Developing a tire specifically for electric vehicles requires a number of considerations you do not encounter when working with internal combustion engines,” said Ian Coke, chief technical officer at Pirelli North America. “Electric vehicles are heavier, have more powerful and faster acceleration off the line, and require lower rolling resistance.”

    Rolling resistance refers to the friction when a tire rotates, and it has a direct affect on the range the vehicle can travel. The powertrain in an electric vehicle is very efficient compared with a traditional engine. It’s just an electric motor spinning a wheel, and because of that, the rolling resistance becomes even more important in these cars. That resistance accounts for about 16 percent of the total energy used. 

    Another factor is road noise. EVs are known for being very quiet vehicles, and EV-specific tires are designed to minimize road noise. Using a standard tire on an EV might result in a louder in-cabin experience than if you used the same tire on a gas-powered car, where tire noise would be masked by engine and wind noise.

    Tire maintenance is about the same with an EV as with a gas-powered car. You should check your tires each month to make sure that they’re properly inflated. Also, inspect for cuts, cracking, and any other type of damage. One area to pay particular attention to is tread depth, because EVs tend to wear tires quicker due to their heavier weight.

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    Editor’s Note: This article has been adapted from an episode of “Talking Cars.