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    How to Prep a Room for Painting

    A few simple steps can make a world of difference no matter what kind of paint you're using

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    A room with a ladder and painting supplies.
    A clean surface is key to clean results.
    Photo: Getty Images

    Paint projects are an inevitable part of homeownership. And if you’re a renter, giving contractor-beige walls a splash of color could be the perfect way to personalize your space. But painting requires much more than picking up a brush. It calls for readying paint surfaces to ensure they’re in optimal shape.

    In the case of paint prep, a little effort goes a long way. And you’ll be glad you took the extra time when the project is done. Preparation makes way for smooth surfaces and uniform paint coverage. It can also prevent moisture from damaging the job. 

    Below, we’ve provided five secrets to great paint preparation. Follow these steps for a top-notch paint job and walls that look their best.

    If you need help choosing a formula before you get to the prep stage, check out our paint buying guide, as well as our primer on how to pick the right finish. For details on the most popular paints on the market, CR members can check out our interior-paint ratings.

    5 Essential Steps for Paint Prep

    1. Eliminate imperfections. Ready the surface by scraping away cracked or peeling paint with a metal putty knife. Also use it to remove bumps, paint, and edges around nail holes. Taper any sharp edges where old paint remains by sanding very lightly with very fine sandpaper.

    More on Painting Your Home

    2. Fill gouges. Apply a lightweight, fast-drying spackling compound, such as Fast ’N Final or Dap DryDex. The latter is premixed and lets you know when it’s dry by changing color. Rub a tiny dab into the holes using your finger. (With a putty knife, you’re more likely to use too much spackle, leaving lumps.) Let dry, then smooth it down with a dual-sided scrub sponge to clean the wall.

    3. Close gaps. Apply caulk to the gaps around windows and trim using a wet fingertip to smooth it flush as you go.

    4. Remove dust. Paint needs a clean, dry surface to adhere. Remove grime and cobwebs from ceilings, walls, and trim with a duster on a pole extension. Or cover the bristles of a broom with an old pillowcase and dust.

    5. Clean up. Mix a low-suds detergent such as Spic and Span in a bucket of water. (Sudsy detergents will leave the surface too slippery.) Then use a dual-sided scrub sponge to clean and lightly rub down imperfections, roughing up the surface for better paint adhesion.

    Top Interior Paints From CR's Tests

    These standout formulas are recommended for your next paint project. You’ll notice a couple of them have Greenguard Gold certification, meaning they emit lower levels of volatile organic compounds, or VOCs—particularly formaldehyde—than the industry standard. VOCs are chemicals that can easily become airborne and affect your health, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Low levels of VOCs—some paints even come with a “zero VOCs” claim—are ideal for interior paint projects.


    Tanya A. Christian

    Tanya Christian joined Consumer Reports as a multimedia content creator in 2021, bringing with her more than a decade of experience in the home and lifestyle space. As a content manager for small kitchen appliances, home remodeling products, and the sleep category, she’s happy to provide readers with recommendations on great design, helpful cooking tools, and smart ways to achieve better sleep. Follow her on X: @tanyaachristian.